Automatic Voltage Regulator

Nowadays, automatic voltage regulators have become the first electrical equipment for households or industrial and commercial enterprises to solve voltage instability. There are various types of automatic voltage stabilizers on the market. Each automatic voltage stabilizer has a different function.

With the advancement of technologies such as power electronic devices and microprocessor chips. It helps manufacturers of automatic voltage stabilizers provide new and better voltage regulators. Due to the fact that voltage stabilizers are now automatic, the handling of voltage fluctuations is very fast. Therefore, it can help users remotely adjust voltage requirements.

A.What is an automatic voltage regulator:

A voltage regulator is an electrical device that maintains a constant output voltage and supplies power to a certain load at the output end. And protect the load equipment from any fluctuations or changes in input voltage or input power during this process. Voltage regulators can protect electrical or electronic devices (such as refrigerators, televisions, etc.) from any damage that may occur due to voltage surges or any fluctuations (such as overvoltage and undervoltage conditions).

Voltage regulator is also known as AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator). The use of voltage regulators is not limited to residential or commercial equipment that requires an external power source. In addition, self-sufficient systems with their own generators (such as ships with their own power generation systems using diesel AC generators) heavily rely on AVR to ensure the safety of other equipment.

B.Types of voltage regulators:

There are several types of voltage regulators available for sale in the market. They can be analog voltage regulators or digital automatic voltage regulators manufactured by voltage regulator transformer manufacturers.

According to the requirements of the application type, they can be single-phase or three-phase. Use step-down and step-up methods to control or 'regulate' the voltage output to the desired stable level.

This is performed by the internal circuit of the voltage regulator. It should be noted that the manufacturer has manufactured two models of three-phase voltage regulators. They are balanced load model and unbalanced load model.

Automatic voltage controller manufacturers also produce voltage regulators with different KVA ratings and ranges. The normal range for stable output voltage is 200-240 volts, with a boost buck of 20-35 volts on an input voltage feed of 180 volts to 270 volts.

Similarly, this wide range regulator can stabilize the output voltage at 190-240 volts and has a boost and buck of 50-55 volts on input voltage feeds ranging from 140 volts to 300 volts.

Automatic voltage regulators are used for various implementations, such as specialized voltage regulators for household televisions, refrigerators, microwave ovens, as well as voltage regulators for entire household appliances and appliances.

C.Function of voltage regulator:

In addition to the voltage stabilization function, manufacturers of automatic voltage regulators have now implemented many additional and useful functions for voltage regulators.

Such as zero voltage switching, voltage cut-off display, overload protection, output start stop device, frequency change protection, manual or automatic start, voltage cut-off, etc.

It should be noted that voltage regulators are absolutely energy-efficient devices.

D.Why do we need a voltage regulator:

All electrical and electronic equipment is designed to operate at maximum efficiency within a specific power supply voltage range. This is called the nominal operating voltage. According to the safety operation restrictions designed for the equipment, the working range of the equipment with the best efficiency may be limited to ± 5%, ± 10%, or more of that range.

Usually, the input voltage we receive from the power company always fluctuates. Therefore, the input voltage source will constantly change. This fluctuating voltage will reduce the efficiency of the equipment and increase its failure rate.

Filtering, protection, and stable power supply are the most important for electrical or electronic devices.

Having a calibrated and stable voltage supply is crucial for devices to achieve their expected functionality in an optimized manner.

By using a voltage regulator, you can ensure that the device receives the required stable voltage without being affected by fluctuations in the input power supply.

It can be well understood that a voltage regulator is an effective solution for obtaining optimized performance from devices and providing the necessary protection for devices against unpredictable voltage fluctuations, surges, and noise present in conventional power sources.

E.Function of voltage regulator:

A high-quality automatic voltage regulator must have the following functions to best meet your requirements.

1. Voltage regulation: The optimal voltage regulation can only be achieved when the voltage is equal to the load of all electrical equipment.

There are several factors that can affect voltage regulation, including the size and type of wires or cables, the reactance of transformers, the cables used in transformers, circuit design, motor starters, and power factor.

Regardless of all these potential issues, voltage regulation must be able to be set with an accuracy of ± 1%. This will eliminate the three-phase imbalance problem and minimize voltage deviation.

2. Load compatibility: Automatic voltage regulators must be compatible with the specified load of the equipment. This is to ensure its optimal operation while avoiding interference with the operation of other loads connected to the same power source.

High performance automatic voltage regulators should always be able to handle loads with high starting currents.

To prevent instability of the voltage regulator, its response speed must be designed to work with various electronic power sources.

3. Low impedance: Impedance is defined as the resistance of a substance that impedes the flow of current.

It is measured in ohms. The goal of an automatic voltage regulator is to achieve low impedance.

When the load current interacts with the source impedance, it may cause low voltage and harmonic distortion, resulting in voltage imbalance. In an ideal situation, if an automatic voltage regulator has low impedance, it will try to avoid all of the above situations as much as possible.

4. Voltage accuracy: The automatic voltage regulator ensures accurate voltage levels. That is their main job. However, the accuracy of the voltage depends on the critical load requirements.

5. Input voltage range: The best automatic voltage regulator has a specific input voltage range. The input voltage range must be wide and convertible.

This is because the drop in line voltage exceeds their peak. Therefore, compared to universities, low correction can be chosen.